Key Takeaways

• Isotope analysis helps archaeologists and forensic experts determine whether an individual grew up locally or migrated from another region.
• Tooth enamel preserves early-life chemical signals, while bone reflects more recent years due to natural remodeling.
• Researchers compare isotope values to regional baselines, known as isoscapes, built from environmental sampling.
• Diet, trade, environmental overlap, and post-burial changes can complicate geographic interpretation.
• Ethical guidelines require careful sampling, preservation checks, and consultation with descendant communities.